Heilongjiang

Heilongjiang, often referred to as “Heilong” for short, lies in the far northeast of China and borders Russia. It’s the coldest province in the country, with winters that shape its identity. The capital, Harbin, is known as the “Moscow of the East” for its stunning Russian-style architecture and strong cultural influence. Other major cities like Mudanjiang, Qiqihar, and Daqing each offer their own unique character.

The province is mainly flat or hilly, with the Songhua River running through it. Heilongjiang boasts vast forests and is one of China’s major ecological zones. It’s famous for both its snowy winters and cool, green summers—perfect for travelers looking to experience dramatic seasonal contrast.

Location of Heilongjiang Province in China

Major Cities in Heilongjiang

Heilongjiang has 12 major cities, and each one adds something special to your trip. From frozen landscapes and volcano lakes to Russian relics and bird sanctuaries, you’ll find a wide range of travel experiences here.

While Harbin, Mudanjiang, Qiqihar, and Daqing are the most visited destinations, cities like Jiamusi, Heihe, Yichun, Jixi, Hegang, Shuangyashan, Qitaihe, and Suihua are also worth exploring.

City Map of Heilongjiang Province

Harbin

The provincial capital. It’s famous for the annual Ice and Snow Festival and Saint Sophia Cathedral. Harbin fuses Russian elegance with Chinese modernity.

Mudanjiang

A scenic getaway near Jingpo Lake and Changbai Mountain. The famous lava waterfall here is a breathtaking summer retreat.

Qiqihar

Known for the Zhalong Nature Reserve, home to rare red-crowned cranes. A historic city shaped by the Nenjiang River.

Daqing

The heart of China’s oil industry. Visit the Iron Man Wang Jinxi Memorial and learn about the city's industrial roots.

Jiamusi

Located in the eastern plains, it’s a commercial hub close to the Ussuri River and Fuyuan border region.

Must-Visit Attractions in Heilongjiang

Heilongjiang offers breathtaking winter magic and pristine nature. Whether you’re chasing frozen castles or soaking in forested landscapes, the region delivers year-round appeal.

Top Tourist Attractions in Heilongjiang Province

Harbin Ice and Snow World (Harbin)

One of the world’s largest ice sculpture parks. Built entirely with Songhua River ice, it's a winter wonderland of castles, slides, and glowing lights.

Saint Sophia Cathedral (Harbin)

A Russian Orthodox cathedral with a distinctive red-brick dome. A striking symbol of East-meets-West.

Jingpo Lake (Mudanjiang)

Formed by volcanic eruptions, this serene lake is perfect for boating in summer and ice-watching in winter.

Zhalong Nature Reserve (Qiqihar)

China’s premier birdwatching site, especially for spotting red-crowned cranes. A must-visit for wildlife photographers and families.

Wudalianchi Scenic Area (Heihe)

An active volcanic landscape with black lava fields and mineral springs. A UNESCO Global Geopark with otherworldly charm.

Volga Manor (Harbin)

A Russian-style resort on the banks of the Songhua River. Perfect for a romantic stroll, family fun, or cultural immersion.

Heilongjiang Cuisine: Bold, Warm, and Comforting

The food in Heilongjiang belongs to the Dongbei (Northeast China) tradition. Expect bold, salty flavors and hearty portions. Dishes often feature braising, stewing, or pan-frying and reflect a blend of Han Chinese, Manchu, Russian, and Korean influences.

Winter is the best time to enjoy traditional meals like hot pots and “pig-killing dishes.” In summer, cool noodles and grilled meats rule the menu.

Guobaorou (Sweet and Sour Pork)

Crispy on the outside, tender inside. This dish is a local favorite with a tangy glaze.

Pig Slaughter Feast (Sha Zhu Cai)

A seasonal winter banquet made with pork, sauerkraut, and blood sausage. It’s a rich tradition of warmth and community.

Dalieba (Russian Bread)

A crusty loaf with a chewy center. Best enjoyed with butter or smoked sausage.

Iron Pot Fish Stew

Fresh carp or bighead fish stewed with tofu and noodles. A rustic dish often served outdoors in iron cauldrons.

Soy-Braised Pork Bones

Meaty, fall-off-the-bone pork simmered in dark soy and garlic. A street-food favorite.

Frozen Pears or Persimmons

Natural “ice desserts” that taste surprisingly refreshing. Popular winter snacks straight from the freezer.

Essential Facts About Heilongjiang

Area and Population

Heilongjiang covers about 473,000 square kilometers and is home to roughly 31 million people. Below are the details by city:

  • Harbin: 53,068 km² | 9.8 million residents
  • Mudanjiang: 40,653 km² | 2.3 million
  • Qiqihar: 42,918 km² | 3.7 million
  • Daqing: 21,581 km² | 2.8 million
  • Jiamusi: 32,572 km² | 2.2 million
  • Yichun: 33,190 km² | 1.0 million
  • Heihe: 68,138 km² | 1.5 million
  • Jixi: 22,522 km² | 1.6 million
  • Hegang: 14,684 km² | 0.9 million
  • Shuangyashan: 22,683 km² | 1.2 million
  • Qitaihe: 6,218 km² | 0.7 million
  • Suihua: 35,385 km² | 2.4 million

Climate and Weather

Heilongjiang experiences a cold continental climate with long winters and short, mild summers. Here’s a month-by-month guide:

  • January: Coldest month. Avg. -25°C to -15°C. Frequent snow. Great for ice activities.
  • February: Still freezing. Avg. -22°C to -12°C. Ice festivals continue.
  • March: Starting to thaw. Avg. temps reach 0°C. Melting snow.
  • April: Spring arrives. Avg. -2°C to 8°C. Mostly snow-free.
  • May: Warm and pleasant. Avg. 5°C to 20°C. Flowers bloom.
  • June: Early summer. Avg. 12°C to 25°C. Cool and green.
  • July: Warmest month. Avg. 17°C to 28°C. Ideal for forest hiking.
  • August: Slightly cooler. Avg. 15°C to 26°C. Still great for outdoor trips.
  • September: Early fall. Avg. 8°C to 20°C. Crisp air and big temp swings.
  • October: Leaf season. Avg. -2°C to 12°C. Stunning colors.
  • November: Cold returns. Avg. -10°C to 0°C. Heating season starts.
  • December: Snow resumes. Avg. -20°C to -10°C. Ice world kicks off.

Best months to visit? December–February for snow, and June–August for forests and cool air.

Postal Codes and Area Codes

Below are the main postal and area codes by city:

  • Harbin: Postal 150000 | Area code 0451
  • Mudanjiang: Postal 157000 | Area code 0453
  • Qiqihar: Postal 161000 | Area code 0452
  • Daqing: Postal 163000 | Area code 0459
  • Jiamusi: Postal 154000 | Area code 0454
  • Yichun: Postal 153000 | Area code 0458
  • Heihe: Postal 164300 | Area code 0456
  • Jixi: Postal 158100 | Area code 0467
  • Hegang: Postal 154100 | Area code 0468
  • Shuangyashan: Postal 155100 | Area code 0469
  • Qitaihe: Postal 154600 | Area code 0464
  • Suihua: Postal 152000 | Area code 0455